Re: 5 year old stays awake
He could be stuck on fight-or-fight (sympathetic nervous system out of balance with parasympathetic). Kids can be born that way if mom was stressed during pregnancy. They can also get stuck in that mode from stress and trauma, which you alluded too.
Other things sound like developmental delays which could be tied in to the nervous system being very off balance, or at least exacerbated by it.
I would look for time-release melatonin as a start. I wouldn't look for a child's version since you know how much you can give him. Just look for time release that's within the dosage limits. Too much melatonin can cause nightmares so I'd start low.
Several people have recommended a program called "turn around anxiety." That might be helpful.
I wouldn't push school just yet unless he really enjoys it.
I had a child who behaved very similarly to what you described, with some differences. It took a look time to figure things out but we're making progress. Expect healing to take time.
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